Search results for "Peptic Ulcer"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
Pantoprazole: from drug metabolism to clinical relevance.
2008
Conditions requiring inhibition of acid secretion, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), peptic ulcers, non-ulcer dyspepsia or the use of NSAIDs, are very common, and their prevalence is expecting to rise as they are seen predominantly amongst the elderly. Among the drugs available to inhibit acid secretion, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been shown to have the best efficacy-safety ratio and have been used widely.This paper was intended to provide an overall presentation of one of these PPIs, pantoprazole.This study was first intended to give an overview of pantoprazole, so a Medline search was conducted using pantoprazole as unique search term, without publication date restr…
Helicobacter pylori infection does not affect the early rebleeding rate in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic hemostasis…
2003
Background and study aims Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection can reduce the rebleeding rate of peptic ulcer bleeding in the long term. There are few data on the influence of H. pylori on the rebleeding rate in the acute phase of bleeding however. We therefore prospectively investigated the influence of H. pylori infection on the early rebleeding rate in patients who had undergone successful endoscopic hemostasis treatment for peptic ulcer bleeding. Patients and methods Between January 1996 and November 2000 all patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were evaluated consecutively. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made at index endoscopy, using histology and the rapid urease tes…
Helicobacter pyloriinfection and nonmalignant diseases
2017
A substantial decrease in Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease has been observed during the last decades. Drug-related ulcers as well as idiopathic ulcers are becoming predominant and are more refractory to treatment; however, H. pylori infection still plays an important role in ulcer bleeding and recurrence after therapy. The effect of H. pylori eradication upon functional dyspepsia symptoms has been reviewed in this article and generally confirms the results of previous meta-analyses. Additional evidence suggests a lack of impact upon the quality of life, in spite of improvement in symptoms. The association of H. pylori with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's eso…
Clinical pharmacology and safety profile of esomeprazole, the first enantiomerically pure proton pump inhibitor
2001
Awareness of important differences in the pharmacological profile of individual optical isomers of chiral drugs led to the development of esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, a new pharmacological entity designed to improve the clinical outcome of available proton pump inhibitors in the management of acid-related disorders. The superior acid control achieved by esomeprazole is mainly due to an advantageous metabolism compared with racemate omeprazole, leading to improved bioavailability and to enhanced delivery of the drug to the gastric proton pump.
Role of Nitric Oxide in Gastrointestinal Inflammatory and Ulcerative Diseases: Perspective for Drugs Development
2001
Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous molecule involved in a variety of biological processes. The specific action of NO depends on its enzymatic sources namely neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) and all three isoforms have been localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Constitutive synthesis of NO by nNOS or eNOS isoforms is involved in the maintaining of the gastrointestinal mucosal integrity through modulation of gastric mucosal blood flow, epithelial secretion and barrier function. However, large amounts of NO synthesized from the inducible isoform have been implicated in tissue injury in the gut during inflammatory reactions. In this review we p…
Zur Problematik der exokrinen Pankreasreaktion nach intraven�ser Tolbutamid-Belastung bei Stoffwechselgesunden und Diabetikern
1964
Die Untersuchung der exkretorischen Pankreasfunktion wahrend des Tolbutamidtestes bei 30 Stoffwechselgesunden und 13 Diabetikern lies fur die Maszahlen der absoluten Diastasewerte signifikante Unterschiede (P ≦ 0,27%) zwischen beigesteigerte exkretorische Pankrasleistung nach Tolbutamid bei Gesunden gegenuber Diabetikern hin.
Comparable Helicobacter pylori eradication rates obtained with 4- and 7-day rabeprazole-based triple therapy: a preliminary study
2003
Abstract Background. Rabeprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor, which has been reported to induce a faster acid suppression than other drugs of the same category. This might be useful to reduce the duration of anti-Helicobacter therapies. Aims. The aim of this study was to assess whether there is the possibility of shortening a rabeprazole-based triple therapy from 7 to 4 days without compromising its efficacy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients. A total of 128 consecutive dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection were recruited for this controlled, randomized, open and parallel-group trial comparing the efficacy of two durations of the same rabeprazole-based tr…
Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and GERD
2018
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is due to the chronic exposure of the esophageal mucosa to acid secretion from the stomach. Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) infection, is a risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer, atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, and causes various effects on gastric function. The relationship between GERD and H.pylori infection is still subject of debate.Background and aim: In literature no clear causal relationship has been established between GERD and H. pylori infection, although some papers support the onset of esophagitis in patients in whom the infection has been cured. Aim of this work is to review the most recent literature data about the relationshi…
Czy należy rutynowo wykonywać endoskopię górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego przed naczyniowymi zabiegami rekonstrukcyjnymi?
2001
Badaniu poddano dwie grupy chorych z niedokrwieniem kończyn kwalifikowanych do leczenia rekonstrukcyjnego. W grupie pierwszej (300 chorych) u wszystkich pacjentów wykonano rutynową przedoperacyjną endoskopię górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego. W grupie drugiej (300 chorych) badanie endoskopowe wykonywano u chorych objawowych. Nadżerki lub też owrzodzenia w żołądku lub dwunastnicy stwierdzono u 81 chorych (27%) z grupy pierwszej — w 56 przypadkach bez jakichkolwiek klinicznych objawów choroby. U chorych niepoddanych badaniu endoskopowemu w okresie pooperacyjnym u 8 wystąpiło krwawienie z przewodu pokarmowego powodowane czynnym owrzodzeniem trawiennym. Dodatkowo u 4 chorych zmarłych z innyc…
Pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of esomeprazole and ASA for the prevention of gastroduodenal ulcers in cardiovascular patients.
2012
Low-dose aspirin (ASA, 75 - 325 mg/day) is widely used for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. However, the value of primary prevention ASA is uncertain as the reduction in occlusive events needs to be weighed against the significant increase in major bleedings. Prevention with antisecretory drugs has been proposed to reduce the incidence of ASA-induced gastrointestinal (GI) bleedings, but non-adherence to gastro-protection is of concern, as it significantly increases the risk of upper GI adverse events. Beside patients and physicians education, one approach to overcome non-adherence is the development of fixed-dose combination.This review explores the resu…